4 December 30, 2015
1. Ignat Ignatov, Oleg Mosin
The Methods of non-equilibrium Spectrum (NES) and Differential non-equilibrium Spectrum (DNES) in Studying the Interaction of Carbonaceous Mineral Shungite and Aluminosilicate Mineral Zeolite with Water
European Reviews of Chemical Research, 2015, Vol.(6), Is. 4, pp. 192-211.
Number of views: 2175 Download in PDF
2. Oleg Mosin, Ignat IgnatovEuropean Reviews of Chemical Research, 2015, Vol.(6), Is. 4, pp. 192-211.
Abstract:
The mathematical model of interaction with water the amorphous, uncrystallized, fullerene analogous carbon containing natural mineral shungite (Zazhoginskoe deposit, Karelia, Russia) and micro-porous alumosilicate mineral zeolite (Most, Bulgaria) was established. There are submitted data on the nanostructure and structural properties of these minerals, obtained with using the elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM-method) and IR-spectroscopy. For evaluation of the mathematical model of interaction of these minerals with water, the methods of non-equilibrium spectrum (NES) and differential non-equilibrium spectrum (DNES) of water were applied. The values of average energy (∆EH...O) of hydrogen Н…O-bonds among H2O molecules in water samples after the treatment of shungite and zeolite with water was measured at -0,1137 eV for shungite and -0,1174 eV for zeolite. The calculation of ∆EH...O for shungite with using the DNES method compiles +0,0025±0,0011 eV and for zeolite -1,2±0,0011 eV. It was demonstrated a regularity of change of energy of hydrogen bonds between H2O molecules in the process of water treatment by shungite and zeolite with a statistically reliable increase of local maximums in DNES-spectra.
The mathematical model of interaction with water the amorphous, uncrystallized, fullerene analogous carbon containing natural mineral shungite (Zazhoginskoe deposit, Karelia, Russia) and micro-porous alumosilicate mineral zeolite (Most, Bulgaria) was established. There are submitted data on the nanostructure and structural properties of these minerals, obtained with using the elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM-method) and IR-spectroscopy. For evaluation of the mathematical model of interaction of these minerals with water, the methods of non-equilibrium spectrum (NES) and differential non-equilibrium spectrum (DNES) of water were applied. The values of average energy (∆EH...O) of hydrogen Н…O-bonds among H2O molecules in water samples after the treatment of shungite and zeolite with water was measured at -0,1137 eV for shungite and -0,1174 eV for zeolite. The calculation of ∆EH...O for shungite with using the DNES method compiles +0,0025±0,0011 eV and for zeolite -1,2±0,0011 eV. It was demonstrated a regularity of change of energy of hydrogen bonds between H2O molecules in the process of water treatment by shungite and zeolite with a statistically reliable increase of local maximums in DNES-spectra.
Number of views: 2175 Download in PDF
Studying the Biosynthesis of 2H-labeled purine Ribonucleoside Inosine by a Chemoheterotrophic Bacterium Bacillus subtilis B-3157
European Reviews of Chemical Research, 2015, Vol.(6), Is. 4, pp. 211-231.
Number of views: 2001 Download in PDF
3. H.A. ShindyEuropean Reviews of Chemical Research, 2015, Vol.(6), Is. 4, pp. 211-231.
Abstract:
We studied the biosynthesis of 2H-labeled purine ribonucleoside inosine excreted into liquid microbial culture (LC) by Gram-positive chemoheterotrophic bacterium Bacillus subtilis B-3157 while growing of this bacterium on heavy water (HW) medium with 2% (v/v) hydrolysate of deuterated biomass of the methylotrophic bacterium Brevibacterium methylicum B-5662 as a source of 2H-labeled growth substrates. Isolation of 2H-labeled inosine from the LC was performed by adsorption/desorption on activated carbon with following extraction by 0,3 M ammonium–formate buffer (pH = 8,9), crystallization in 80% (v/v) EtOH, and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) on a column with AG50WX 4 cation exchange resin equilibrated with 0,3 M ammonium–formate buffer and 0,045 M NH4Cl. The investigation of deuterium incorporation into the inosine molecule by FAB method demonstrated the incorporation of 5 deuterium atoms into the molecule (the total level of deuterium enrichment – 65,5 atom% 2H) with 3 deuterium atoms included into the ribose and 2 deuterium atoms – into the hypoxanthine residue of the molecule. Three non-exchangeable deuterium atoms were incorporated into the ribose residue owing to reactions of enzymatic izomerization of glucose in 2H2O-medium. These non-exchangeable deuterium atoms in the ribose residue were originated from glycolysis, associated with the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, while two other deuterium atoms at C2,C8-positions in the hypoxanthine residue were synthesized from [2H]amino acids that originated from the deuterated hydrolysate of the methylotrophic bacterium Brevibacterium methylicum B-5662. However, the effect of auxotrophy of this strain in tyrosine, histidine, adenine and uracilб presupposes the branched metabolic pathways, different those indicated above.
We studied the biosynthesis of 2H-labeled purine ribonucleoside inosine excreted into liquid microbial culture (LC) by Gram-positive chemoheterotrophic bacterium Bacillus subtilis B-3157 while growing of this bacterium on heavy water (HW) medium with 2% (v/v) hydrolysate of deuterated biomass of the methylotrophic bacterium Brevibacterium methylicum B-5662 as a source of 2H-labeled growth substrates. Isolation of 2H-labeled inosine from the LC was performed by adsorption/desorption on activated carbon with following extraction by 0,3 M ammonium–formate buffer (pH = 8,9), crystallization in 80% (v/v) EtOH, and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) on a column with AG50WX 4 cation exchange resin equilibrated with 0,3 M ammonium–formate buffer and 0,045 M NH4Cl. The investigation of deuterium incorporation into the inosine molecule by FAB method demonstrated the incorporation of 5 deuterium atoms into the molecule (the total level of deuterium enrichment – 65,5 atom% 2H) with 3 deuterium atoms included into the ribose and 2 deuterium atoms – into the hypoxanthine residue of the molecule. Three non-exchangeable deuterium atoms were incorporated into the ribose residue owing to reactions of enzymatic izomerization of glucose in 2H2O-medium. These non-exchangeable deuterium atoms in the ribose residue were originated from glycolysis, associated with the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, while two other deuterium atoms at C2,C8-positions in the hypoxanthine residue were synthesized from [2H]amino acids that originated from the deuterated hydrolysate of the methylotrophic bacterium Brevibacterium methylicum B-5662. However, the effect of auxotrophy of this strain in tyrosine, histidine, adenine and uracilб presupposes the branched metabolic pathways, different those indicated above.
Number of views: 2001 Download in PDF
Fundamentals in Colors, Dyes and Pigments Chemistry: A Review
European Reviews of Chemical Research, 2015, Vol.(6), Is. 4, pp. 232-245.
Number of views: 2678 Download in PDF
4. European Reviews of Chemical Research, 2015, Vol.(6), Is. 4, pp. 232-245.
Abstract:
In this paper review some significant light is focused on the basis, fundamentals and/or the knowledge of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry using many of multi choice questions and their answers. This paper review is recommended for chemist’s dyers and colorists. They will find it interesting, informative, stimulating, and contain a mine of information. Also, this paper review is recommended for professors and teachers in the field of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. They can use it in teaching, as notebook/education lecturers and in their student’s examination tests. In addition, this paper review can be used and/or will be most valuable in domestic and/or international scientific and/or chemistry competitions, in organic chemistry as general and particularly in the field of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. The review covers some essential and general topics in colors, dyes and pigments chemistry, such as synthesis, properties, classification, structures, uses and applications of many aromatic and/or heterocyclic dyes. This paper review acts as a mordant and/or stabilizers for the basics, the fundamentals and/or the knowledge in understanding colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. It is considered as a special and/or specific type of collective review which has been paid little attention and is lacking in the chemistry literature.
In this paper review some significant light is focused on the basis, fundamentals and/or the knowledge of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry using many of multi choice questions and their answers. This paper review is recommended for chemist’s dyers and colorists. They will find it interesting, informative, stimulating, and contain a mine of information. Also, this paper review is recommended for professors and teachers in the field of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. They can use it in teaching, as notebook/education lecturers and in their student’s examination tests. In addition, this paper review can be used and/or will be most valuable in domestic and/or international scientific and/or chemistry competitions, in organic chemistry as general and particularly in the field of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. The review covers some essential and general topics in colors, dyes and pigments chemistry, such as synthesis, properties, classification, structures, uses and applications of many aromatic and/or heterocyclic dyes. This paper review acts as a mordant and/or stabilizers for the basics, the fundamentals and/or the knowledge in understanding colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. It is considered as a special and/or specific type of collective review which has been paid little attention and is lacking in the chemistry literature.
Number of views: 2678 Download in PDF